Radiation tissue injury including:
Radiation cystitis
Radiation to the urinary bladder can cause pain and bleeding, and is called hemorrhagic cystitis.
Radiation proctitis
Radiation proctitis can occur when there is radiation to the area of the bowels. This can cause bleeding, pain, diarrhea and in some instances a fistula. This is a small hole in the bowel which can not heal.
Over the past 40 years, hyperbaric oxygen (HBOT) therapy has been recommended and used in a wide variety of medical conditions. In the 1950's, HBOT was first used as a treatment, in addition to radiation, for head and neck cancers and cervical cancer.
Evidences showed that HBOT improved tumor oxygenation, and treatment with HBOT during irradiation has been shown to improve the radiated response of many solid tumors. It is used for delayed ratiation injuries for soft tissue and bony injuries, for symptomatic radiation reactions of the urinary bladder and the bowel, for laryngeal radionecrosis, for radiation-induced proctitis and for radiation-induced necrosis of the brain.
HBOT also increases sensitivity to chemotherapy. A significant improvement in tumor response was obtained when photodynamic therapy (PDT) was delivered druing hyperoxygenation.